Pneumatic motor



July 13 1926. 1,592,151

R. A. NORLING PNEUMATIC MOTOR Original Filed August 11, 1919 4 sheets-sheet 1 o U LI July 13 1926.

R. A. NORLING PNEUMATIC MOTOR original Filed August 11, 1919 4 Sheets-Sheet 2 July 13,1926. f 1,592,151

R. A. NORLING PNEUMATIC MOTOR Original Filed August ll, 1919 4 Sheets-Sheet 3 July 13,1926. 1,592,151

' R. A. NORLING PNEUMATIC MOTOR Original Filed August l1 1919 4 sheets-sheet 4 ated .luly 13, 1925.

UNITED STATES isaiasi PATENT ortica.

REENHOLD A. NGRLNG, GF AURORA, ILLINOIS, ASSIGNOR TO INDEFENDENT PNEU- vATIC TOOL COMPANY, GF CHICAGO, LLNGS, f1 CORPRTION OF DELATARE.

PNEUMATIC MOTOR.

Original application filed August l1, 1919, Serial No. 316,794. Divided and this application tiled November 3, 1921 This invention relates to piston actuated pneumatic motors for portable power hoists and other devices requiring motors of such kind.

lne object otl my invention is to provide an improved torm ci means for shitting the eccentric ot' the motor for changing the action ot the valves to reverse the operation of the motor.

Another object ot my invention is to eect the shittingct the eccent-ric before the startingI valve of the motor is opened and thus prevent starting the motor before the eccentric is completely shifted.

A -further object of my invention is to connect the eccentric shifting and starting valve opening mechanisms together, so that the reversing of the motor and the starting and stopping` of the same may be accomplished by actuating` but one member.

A still further object ot my invention is to locate this operating member outside. ot' the motor and readily accessible to the grasp ot the operator so that the motor may be reversed whenever' and as often desired.

The invention consists Jfurther .in the matters hereinafter described and more particularly set tort-h in the appended claims.

ln the accompanying drawings- Fie. 1 is a front elevational view of a portaole power hoist having a pneumatic motor en'ibodying the features ot my invention;

i41 ig'. 2 is an enlarged vertical sectional view tal-:en on line 2 2 of Fig'. l;

Fig, 3 is a transverse vertical sectional view taken on line 3 3 of Fig. 2;

Fig. l is a horizontal sectional view taken on line 1 4 oi Fig. 2;

Fig. 5 is a vertical sectional view taken on line 5 5 ot Fig. 4;

Figs. 6 and i' are top plan and side elevational views, respectively, ot the eccentric shifter. to be described;

Fig 8 is a perspective view of the rack operated by said shifter;

Fig. 9 is a longitudinal sectional view of the hollow shaft in which the eccentric shifter is mounted; and

Fig. 10 is a perspective view of the eccentric..

The starting valve operating and the motor reversing',` mechanisms of my invention are shown herein as applied to a pneumatic motor, such as is used with the portable Serial No. 512,503.

hoist described and claimed in my Patent No. 1,/5932 Igranted June 19, 1923, and of which the present application is a division.

Sis illustrated herein, the hoist comprises, in general, a hollow casing` 1, two drums 2, 2, rotatably mounted on a stationary shaft 3 in said casing'. lach drum has a continuous spiral `groove extending about the same to receive a rope or cable et. A single cable is employed, with a portion wrapped in a single layer about each drum, the loop at the mid-portion of the cable being outside ot' the casing` 1 and trained about a grooved pulley or sheave 5 journaled in a trame G carrying a swivel hoistingr hook 7, as shown in Fig. 1; the casing` having` an elongated opening extending across its iront to permit the cable. to extend outside ot.' the same. Extending' between the opposed ends o' the drums 2, 2 is a main power shaft 8 having a worm 9 in mesh with a worin gear 10, keyed or otherwise fixed to at shatt l1 journaled .in the casin` below the shaft 8, as shown in Fig. 2. The shaft 8 is supported at its ends in the casingl by anti-friction bearings 12. 13. so made and arranged that by removing a screw 1-1 the shaft 8 may be pulled cndwisc out ot' the casing` after the motor, to be hereinafter described has been removed. The sha'tt- 11 is provided on opposite sides ot the worm gear 10 with gear teeth 15 in mesh with gear teeth 16 on the drums 2, 2, so that the drums will be rotated in unison and at the same rate of speed and in the same direction for winding` the cable on and unwinding it rom the same.

Secured to the outside ot thc hoist casing 1 is a. pneumatic motor having' a crank case 17, which has a crank case cover 18. The motor has double acting pistons in cylinders 19, 19 in the same plane and arranged V- shapeda as shown in Figs. 1 and 3. The crank shaft consists of a crank pin 2C', torni/ed integral with a counter-weight 21 on the worm shaft 8, this shaft extending into the crank case thro-ugh the front or the drum casing and supported Aby a plate 22 carrythe bearing 13 andsecured to the drum casing` by screws :23. The pistons in the cylinders are connected with the crank pin by connecting rods 241, 25.*as showin rihe crank case cover 18 is provided with an outwardly eiitervidingtubular portion 26 aligned with the worin sha-tt 8. 1n this extension is mounted a hollow shaft 27 havfifi I liitii'iciited portfon,

ing :it its ini er end z disc lociitel crank Case l" sind provided with a fist-sided periprierai slot 2.9 to receive the end SO oi the crank pin 20, thiis irov i tlese e c inni* o :i reinoviiole connection hetive ii ri`he shiitt. is supported in ti cover 18 liv :i bushing); ffii. Se'd shui-t 2T pro iidcd with :in sniitiler shoiidei E; hcw ino agiiiistsi should r on the evtension their upper ends 'with piston valves in the vsive cylinders. shown in to control the :idiiiission and cxhiins oit motive hiid to and ifroin the power cjfiinders 19. rEhe eccentric has sn internal diiiiiietei' greater than the shet't 27, while its outer diziineter is inode e ysentido to the internal diameter tliereot, es shown in l0. The eccentric is shifted toi' setting; the vzilves 38 to reverse the operation ot tho niotoi'. Then the eccentric is Shitted to one position, the vi lves 38 ivill operate to canse the niotoito riiii forward sind Wind the crible on the drnnis, and i-.vhen shifted to the opposite position will canse the niotor to run in the reverse direction i nnivind the c; hie from the diniiis. To shiit the eccentric 'tor this purpose. provide the following; struction.

Siidihlv niounted in the hollow s en Veccentric shi'te 33 having hiiurcst-ed, as ef i0 G), und

provided vi i pinion r2 eideiiiihngi` n la,

teeth 411., nioshing` with tra isveiseiv through thiivino; its inner en ls f .ockets or holes 437 4f Tp r . l is shoiiii in ig. 9. VEhe end. oi said piii'o "n il" nv 1 irl 'ii *i* b 1 1:1 1" 91 ici 1^ vi i, no JCM. czgliri ii@ ifiiiln Ui, (in S lumi; il. F 5, ziiid th is hold the pinion ti'oin endwise disphiceiiien 1, .vhiie pe 'iiiittingij it to he rotated 3y the rack teeth v@ii nioverieiit. 'seing given to the shifter tendinp; transversely through the hollenv L, heyoiid the pinion :i block ist having' rack teeth Lit as shoivii in i1 :ind 8, and in iiiesh with the pinion 42 zii'- riinejed at iight-iiiigies to the shifter 39. This hlocl; ist extends through the slot 4() at the end ot' the shifter and has its ends projectingdi niiet 'icalijf hevond the shaft 2'? through slots 46 provided for that purpose. The block de extends across the inside of the eccentri snc is received in recesses 47 in the eccentric, thereby connectingl the eccen-v tric to the' block end holding such upon endvviso peet to eh other Wing the hic-ch suptiie siizift 2T. ihiis,

Inovdi endivise the vved iiei'of, i ind sl itted with respect to the purpose ot changing the encli' pei-ts to set the valves s stiited Ahe shift r Si) roiii the eriteon the outside ever 4:83 Levi-ig the shape l are. pi'orioei at il e ts cent-ir i l, frein which extend ziiins 50,

i J provided with depenoing' ciziins ech provided With i handle,

es shown iii i? l. Bv pulling down on the chain he inoti r will. rini orivsrffi xviii-d the czihle on trie driinis. Whereas peiling' dovrn on the chain the inotor v'iil iiin ,aevrse sind unwind the cehie tro 'ie drains. eilt-ct this, "he control leve-f connected with the shi'er h v the iloiving consrnction. ivliir Causes wise nioveinert to he given endto the shifter 39 upon the dotneton of sziid control lever.

c hnh said control lever i8 is ro- `1L\., tiitzhlv nionnted the extension 95, there being; ii hnshing inserted between such parts, as shown in Figs. #le and 5. The bushing; and hoh ire connected together so es to tnrn in unisont this being sccoinplishei hv providing; such psi'ts heir i- =ei with hijs oi' tir. .ses 55. 56 (Fifi. connected t gether hy screws 57. rlie huh f ext .nds bevond the oiiter end of the extension 2@ to provide :i space into which extends the oi' the shifter Si). rihe outer end shown in Figs. G and .7, fiainetor to provide an :innnlz Mounted on such portion o reduced im shoulder 53,

outer end oi the bushing ot .si id disc 5) hears against -oiiiied on the hiih ih 'es siiovfn in und 5. i'y this construction the disc 59 is czii'iiped hetiveen the huh #i9 and the bushingfij and moved endivise `ivith si ch parts in the slitting; oit the nieiiioei isn opposite sides ot the disc are iev wfsiers (3i, coniecied with the shifter 39 thioigi s l'. v sioty oit. :is 'hoivn. ihe extieiiie enter ein; portion 35 of the shifter 539 is iiiher 'cdnced to provide iin annular f El I h the ont rniost llt? iso

ll il formed in the bushing 54. This lot is milled spiral in the center and straight at its ends, so that upon trie rotation ot the hub 49, the shifter will be moved ndivise as the stud is in the spiral portion ot the slot 79 and thus eitect shitting ot the eccentric 3e tor reversing the motor. The ends ot the slot are straight in order that the huh -l9 may have a partial rotation Without moving the shifter 39 endivise and thus permit the shitting ot the eccentric to be accomplished oefore the starting valve oi' the motor is opened and the motor started.

The starting valve is constructed as tollovvs. shown in Fig. 3, the piston valves 3S are reciprocated in cylinders 7l, Tl, arranged V-shaped, as are the poiver cylinders i9. Rach cylinder 'Ti is provided with a port communicating with pipes 73. 73 coupled together at their meeting ends by a coupling 74. One ot the pipes T3 is provided with a tubular extension 75, arranged substantially at right-angles thereto, and screwed into the open end ot this extension is a plug 76, carrying a nipple 77, to Which is connected an air supply hose or pipe (not shovvn). The plug 76 is provided at its inner end with a ivall having air passages which open into a chamber 7S Jformed in the extension T5. rllhis chamber communicates ivith a chamber 79 through a port 80, Wl ich is normally closed by a valve S1. Said valve has a stem S2 slidably mounted at its inner end in the plug To and at its outer end in the casing 'i5 and is there provided .vith an outwardly projecting part 83.

For opening the valve Sl, I provide a 'igger Si pivoted between ears S5 and havg a depending` plug 86 to operate against the outer end 83 ot the valve stem 82 for n'ioving the valve into onen position to permit niotive iiuid to enter the chamber 79 and thence tloiv into the poiver cylinders through the pipes 73', and ports ot the valve cylinders, as usual in motors or" this character. The valve Sl is 'normally held closed by a spring 8T, and the trigger Sil is normally held in position out oi engagement With the valve stem 82 by a spring 8S, one end connected` with a lixee ing 89 on the valve casing and the other end connected with the trigshoivn in. Fig. 2.

T he loiver arm 90 of the trigger 84 is provided at its outer end with a ball 91 retained in socltet 92 at the upper end of a vertically arranged rod 93, Which extends toward the hub The lovver end ot this rod engages a hall 95 at the inner end of a holt 96 clamped in an upright lug 97 fixed on the hub e9, as shown in Figs. l and 2. The. spring 88 is strong enough, not only to maintain the trigger 84e in the normal position shown in Fig. Q. but also to holdv the rod 93 in a vertical position and thus maintain the control lever 4.8 in its neutral position, as

vfith the fixed lug 9i and causing a c kwnifllt l opening the valve Sl l'li'vhen the parts are oved the rod 93 assumes position at cal. the s ring 88 always g to restore the rod and control lever to their normal or neutral positions so that when the operator releases his hold on the handle grasped by him, said spring 88 ivill act to restore the parts to their normal positions and stop the motor bj cutting eti the supply ot live air tiereto.

The drum casing l is provided with a sivivel hooi; 98, as shovvn in Fig. i, Vtor suspending the hoist from an overhead support. The crank case cover 18 is secured to the body ot' the case by bolts 907 and the crank case is provided ivith a screw-plug 199. which when removed permits the same to be drained ot oil, the case also having au oil. sight 191 to determine the level ot' the oil in the case. a shoivn in Figs. l and 3.

hile l have shown and described herein the starting and reversing mechanisms ot my invention applied to a pneumatic motor for a portable power hoist, it is to be ot course understood that the invention could he employed in pneun'iatic motors used for other purposes. and l do not Wish to be limited to the application ot my invention to motors Jfor the particular purpose disclosed, nor do Wish to be restricted to the details et construction and arrangement ol parts illustrated, as such may be variously changed and modiiied Without departing trom the spirit and scope of my invention.

l claim as my invention:

l. ln combination in a tiuid actuated motora reciprocating valves for controlling the admission and exhaust ot motive iiuid to and from the power cylinders ot said motor, a hollenv shaft, an eccentric surrounding said shatt and rotated thereby, said eccentric being connected vrith said valves for operating the same.y an eccentric shifter slidably mounted in said holl .v sha'tt and having rack teeth. a gear pinion mounted in said holloiv shaft and in mesh vvith said racl: teeth a block extending across said shaft and supporting said eccentric and having rack teeth in mesh with said pinion. a manually operable member connected with said shifter and rotatably mounted on the motor easing, said member having a spiral slot, and a stationary pin extending into said slot for causing said member when turned to move said shi ter endwise.

2. ln combination in a iuid actuated inotor, reciprocating valves tor controlling the purl io Le esered on the rod 92 acmissien and exhaust ofA mot-ive fluid to and trom the power cylinders of the motor, a. hollow shaft, an eccentric surrounding said hollow shaft and rotated thereby, said eccentric beine' connected with said valves for operating the same, a gear pinion in said hollow shaft, an eccentric shifter slidably mounted in said hollow shaft and having a bitui'cated end provided with rack teeth in mesh with said pinion, a block extending across said hollow. shaft through the bia-turcated end of said shifter and having rack teeth in mesh with said pinion, said block having its ends extending eyond said hollow shaft through slots therein for supporting said eccentric, and actuating means for said shifter.

3. ln combination in a fluid actuated nietor, valves for controlling the admission and erhenst ot motive fluid to and from the cylind oit said motor, an eccentric .for operati said valves, a self closing starting valve controlling the supply of motive fluid to the cylinders through the first mentioned valves7 Yan operating member rotatably mounted on the motor casing and having a spiral slot with straight ends, and a fixed pin extending into said slot to shift the eccentric when carried through the spiral portion of said slot and. permit the opening ot the starting valve as the ain enters the straight portions of said slot.

t In combination in a fluid actuated mo tor, valves for controlling the admission of motive finid to the cylinders of the motor, an eccentric for operating said valves, a self closing starting valve for controllingthe supply of motive fluid to said cylinders through said firstmentioned valves, a trigger for opening said starting valve, an oprating member rotatably mounted on the motor casing and having side arms, means connecting said member with said eccentric tor shifting the, eccentric upon pulling downward on said arms, and means connecting said member with said trigger for opening the star ing valve upon pulling downward on either of said arms after the eccentric has been completely shifted.

5. ln combination in a fluid actuated motor, valves for controlling the admission ot motive fluid to the cylinders of said motor,

an eccentric tor operating said valves, a shifter for said eccentric, a bushing rotatably n'iountel on the motor casing and having a spiral slot, a pin fixed to the motor casing and extending into said slot, an actuating nicn'iber secured to said bushing, a disc loosely mounted on said shifter and clamped between said member and bushing, and two collars keyed to said shifter on opposite sides of said disc and bearing against the same.V

i3. ln combination in a fluid actuated motor, valves for controlling the admission and exhaust or motive fluid to and from the cylinders of said motor, an eccentric for operating said valves, a sell' closing starting valve for controlling the supply of motive iiuid to said cylinders through said first mentioned valves, a trigger pivoted to the motor casing for opening said starting valve, a manually operable member rotatably mounted on a fixed part ot the motor casing` and con- 1 rah said eccentric for shifting the a rod extending between said member and said trigger and having pivotal connection with both for operating said trig to open ysaid starting valve upon the ung ot' said member.

T. l n combination in a fluid actuated motor, valves for controlling the admission and exhaust ofi motive fluid to and from the cylinders of said motor, an eccentric for operating said valves7 self closing starting valve for controlling the supply of motive fluid to said cylinders throughsaid first named valves, a manually operable member mounted on a lixed part of said casing and connected nf'ith said eccentric for shifting tbe same, a pivoted trigger on the motor casing above said member, a rod extending between said trigger and said member and having pivotal connection with both for opening the starting valve through the trigon pulling the rod downward by turng said member, and spring means acting n said trigger to return said rod to ver'- ical position aligned with said trigger and said member upon releasing said member.

In testimony that l claim the foregoing my invention. l aliix my signature, this 26th day of October, A. l). 1921.

RENHOLD A. NORLING. 

